霍夫斯泰德文化维度解析：跨文化沟通的关键因素

韩晓凤：跨文化沟通能力提升课程

【课程背景】随着经济全球化和现代科技的迅猛发展，国际贸易、国际投资和商务活动日益频繁，跨文化沟通在工作中的作用也越来越重要。来自不同文化背景的人们在文化取向、价值观念、社会规范和生活方式等方面的差异，往往会导致跨文化沟通过程中文化冲突的产生。因此，认识跨文化商务沟通的过程，解决和避免这一过程中所遇到的冲突和障碍是当前现实的迫切需要。本课程以情景案例教学为特点，深入浅出，通过对中西方文化的对比和分析，拓展学习者了解工作场所的文化多样性，促进其跨文化交流能力。【课程目标】了解中西文化的差异，具备文化差异的敏感性具备在不同的文化语境下沟通的技能能在文化多样性的工作环境中高效沟通【课程大纲】课程模块内容要点案例/活动走近跨文化沟通 1.跨文化交际概念什么是文化什么是沟通什么是跨文化沟通2. 解密文化价值观文化价值观的概述归因和感知不同的文化与价值观课堂讨论：各国应对新冠疫情的不同方式充分体现了中西方在价值观、思维方式和行为方式上的巨大文化差异。你是否了解新冠疫情下种种跨文化冲突的根源所在？ 中西方文化比较1.中国文化概述从孔孟之道看中国文化中国文化对世界的影响西方视角的中国文化2. 欧美文化概述宗教信仰、政治体系及个体生活3. 我们眼中的德国文化二战后德国的复兴之路德国人的时间观中德两国关系4.理解文化差异沃尔夫假说：中西方思维方式的差异案例分析：迪士尼在中国的影响力迪士尼的中文元素：从《花木兰》到《功夫熊猫》 语言的跨文化沟通 1. 汉英语言比较汉语英语重意合重形合后重心前重心重人称重物称多主动多被动2.霍尔高语境、低语境文化模型 3.霍夫斯泰德的四个维度1）四种衡量不同文化差异的指标权力距离不确定性的规避男性化与女性化个人主义/集体主义2）四个指标对于领导方式、组织机构和激励内容的影响4. 不同文化的语言习惯和禁忌语言与文化词语的文化内涵社会规范言语风格小组练习：通过抽签给每个小组分配文稿/视频，小组成员从中找出并修改中式英语的表达   非语言跨文化交流 1. 什么是非语言交际？2.非语言交际符号的文化差异性肢体语言、时间、空间等情境案例:当非语言信号与我们的语言相矛盾时，怎么处理？跨文化商务社交礼仪 1. 不同文化中餐饮习俗与礼仪中式传统用餐礼仪中餐西用西餐礼仪2. 不同文化的问候与告别礼仪问候礼仪如何赠送礼节性礼物现场演示: 西餐用餐礼仪 跨文化交流的挑战 1.文化冲击2.民族优越感3.刻板印象4.文化移入5.如何利用有限资源克服文化差异案例研究:猎豹移动:一个全球化科技企业的跨文化冲突Cross-cultural Communication Skills Training【Course introduction】   In the era of globalization, modern technologies enable more frequent international trades, investments and business activities. The role of intercultural communication is becoming more and more important in the workplace where gathers people from different backgrounds. The differences in cultural orientation, values, social norms and lifestyles often lead to cultural misunderstandings or even conflicts. Therefore, understanding intercultural business communication and resolving and avoiding conflicts is a pressing need of many international enterprises. This course features case studies and real-life applications that provide insight of cultural diversity in the workplace, promote their intercultural communication skills through comparison and analysis of Chinese and Western cultures.【Training goals】Understand and being sensitive to the differences between Chinese and Western culturesPossess communicate skills in different cultural contextsBeing an effective communicator in a culturally diverse work environment【Course outline】ModulesKey Points Case study/Classroom activityWhat is Cross-cultural Communication   1. The notion of cross-cultural communicationWhat is culture What is communication What is cross-cultural communication2. Interpret cultural values Overview of cultural valuesAttributes and perception of different values Class discussion: Different countries have responded to the pandemic in different ways, which reflected the vast cultural differences in values, thinking and behaviors between China and the West. Do you understand the root causes of cross-cultural conflicts in the context of pandemic? Chinese and Western cultures Comparison1.Chinese culture overview Confucius and MenciusHow does Chinese culture influence the worldWhat is Chinese Culture from a western perspective2. Western culture overview Religion, political systems and individualism3. German culture overview Germany after World War IIThe German view of time China-Germany relations 4.Understanding cultural diversitySapir–Whorf hypothesis: differences in Chinese and Western ways of thinkingCase Study:Disney's Presence in China Chinese elements in Disney: From Mulan to Kung Fu Panda A Linguistic Perspective on Cross-Cultural Communication 1. Chinese-English linguistic comparisonChineseEnglishParataxisHypotaxisBack focusFront focusPersonalImpersonalActivePassive2. Hall’s Model of High- and Low Contextual Cultures3. Hofstede's cultural dimensions theory1） Four indicatorsPower DistanceUncertainty AvoidanceMasculinity and FemininityIndividualism and Collectivism2）How these four indicators influence the leadership, organization and incentive4. Language habits and taboos of different culturesLanguage and CultureCultural Connotation of WordsSocial NormVerbal StylesGroup exercise:Each group is assigned a script/video by drawing lots, from which group members identify Chinglish expressions and revise themNonverbal Cross-cultural Communication 1. What is nonverbal communication?2.Cultural variability of non-verbal communicationBody languagePersonal spaceTerritoryTime systemsSituational case:Nonverbal signals sometimes contradict the words we useBusiness Etiquette 1. Dining customs and etiquette across culturesTraditional Chinese dining etiquetteChinese food served in a western way Western dining etiquette2. Greeting and leaving etiquette across cultures Greeting etiquetteHow to select giftsOn-site demo: Western dinning etiquette The Challenges of Cross-Cultural Communication 1. Cultural Shock2. Ethnocentrism3. Stereotype4. Acculturation and identity5. How to overcome the difficulties caused by cultural differences? Case study: Cheetah Mobile: Cross-Cultural Clashes Within a Technology Company Born Global

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